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The Fourth Circuit’s recent decision in Glover v. EQT Corporation, 2025 WL 2405514 (4th Cir. Aug. 20, 2025), provides clarity on what plaintiffs must do to certify a class in a breach-of-contract case while reaffirming that individualized fact-intensive inquiries make it difficult to certify fraudulent concealment claims as a class action.
Continue Reading Fourth Circuit Clarifies Standard for Rule 23’s Ascertainability and Predominance Requirements

Last week, the Second Circuit affirmed dismissal of a putative class action under the Video Privacy Protection Act (VPPA), holding that the alleged transmission of code containing video titles and a unique user ID to a third-party is not a disclosure of “personally identifiable information” (PII). The decision, Solomon v. Flipps Media, Inc., 23‐7597 (2d Cir. May 1, 2025), aligns the Second Circuit with the Third and Ninth Circuits in holding that the VPPA only prohibits the disclosure of information that would “readily permit an ordinary person to identify a specific individual’s video-watching behavior.” Continue Reading Second Circuit Affirms VPPA Dismissal: Data Is Not “Personally Identifiable Information” If Only Experts Can Decipher It